Nocturnal polyuria and nocturia.

BACKGROUND: Nocturia is a common complaint that can have a significant impact on quality of life. The pathophysiology is usually multifactorial and can be due to poor sleep, nocturnal polyuria, or low bladder capacity alone or in combination.

OBJECTIVE: Nocturnal polyuria (NP) is the most common cause of nocturia in older adults. We hereby review the role of nocturnal polyuria in nocturia. PATIENTS AND

METHODS: To manage nocturia, a multipronged approach personalized to the patient's multifactorial etiology is warranted, with a focus on lifestyle modifications and behavioral approaches as first-line therapies. Pharmacologic treatment should be considered based on underlying disease processes, and healthcare providers should be mindful of potential drug interactions and polypharmacy in older adults.

RESULT: Referral to specialists in sleep or bladder-related disorders may be necessary for some patients. With comprehensive and individualized management, patients with nocturia can achieve improved quality of life and overall health outcomes.