137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes.
Damgaard Peter de Barros, Marchi Nina, Rasmussen Simon, Peyrot Michaël, Renaud Gabriel, Korneliussen Thorfinn, Moreno-Mayar J Víctor, Pedersen Mikkel Winther, Goldberg Amy, Usmanova Emma, Baimukhanov Nurbol, Loman Valeriy, Hedeager Lotte, Pedersen Anders Gorm, Nielsen Kasper, Afanasiev Gennady, Akmatov Kunbolot, Aldashev Almaz, Alpaslan Ashyk, Baimbetov Gabit, Bazaliiskii Vladimir I, Beisenov Arman, Boldbaatar Bazartseren, Boldgiv Bazartseren, Dorzhu Choduraa, Ellingvag Sturla, Erdenebaatar Diimaajav, Dajani Rana, Dmitriev Evgeniy, Evdokimov Valeriy, Frei Karin M, Gromov Andrey, Goryachev Alexander, Hakonarson Hakon, Hegay Tatyana, Khachatryan Zaruhi, Khaskhanov Ruslan, Kitov Egor, Kolbina Alina, Kubatbek Tabaldiev, Kukushkin Alexey, Kukushkin Igor, Lau Nina, Margaryan Ashot, Merkyte Inga, Mertz Ilya V, Mertz Viktor K, Mijiddorj Enkhbayar, Moiyesev Vyacheslav, Mukhtarova Gulmira, Nurmukhanbetov Bekmukhanbet, Orozbekova Z, Panyushkina Irina, Pieta Karol, Smrčka Václav, Shevnina Irina, Logvin Andrey, Sjögren Karl-Göran, Štolcová Tereza, Taravella Angela M, Tashbaeva Kadicha, Tkachev Alexander, Tulegenov Turaly, Voyakin Dmitriy, Yepiskoposyan Levon, Undrakhbold Sainbileg, Varfolomeev Victor, Weber Andrzej, Wilson Sayres Melissa A, Kradin Nikolay, Allentoft Morten E, Orlando Ludovic, Nielsen Rasmus, Sikora Martin, Heyer Evelyne, Kristiansen Kristian, Willerslev Eske
Nature · 2018 · PMID 29743675 · 인용 527
For thousands of years the Eurasian steppes have been a centre of human migrations and cultural change. Here we sequence the genomes of 137 ancient humans (about 1× average coverage), covering a period of 4,000 years, to understand the population history of the Eurasian steppes after the Bronze Age migrations. We find that the genetics of the Scythian groups that dominated the Eurasian steppes throughout the Iron Age were highly structured, with diverse origins comprising Late Bronze Age herders, European farmers and southern Siberian hunter-gatherers.
Later, Scythians admixed with the eastern steppe nomads who formed the Xiongnu confederations, and moved westward in about the second or third century BC, forming the Hun traditions in the fourth-fifth century AD, and carrying with them plague that was basal to the Justinian plague. These nomads were further admixed with East Asian groups during several short-term khanates in the Medieval period. These historical events transformed the Eurasian steppes from being inhabited by Indo-European speakers of largely West Eurasian ancestry to the mostly Turkic-speaking groups of the present day, who are primarily of East Asian ancestry.