Reduced Pneumonia Risk in Advanced Dementia Patients on Careful Hand Feeding Compared With Nasogastric Tube Feeding.
Yuen Jacqueline K, Luk James K H, Chan Tuen-Ching, Shea Yat-Fung, Chu Steven T, Bernacki Rachelle, Chow David T Y, Chan Felix H W
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022 · PMID 35489380 · 인용 28
OBJECTIVES: To compare survival and pneumonia risk among hospitalized patients with advanced dementia on nasogastric tube feeding (NGF) vs careful hand feeding (CHF) and to examine outcomes by feeding problem type.
DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND
PARTICIPANTS: Advanced dementia patients aged ≥60 years with indication for tube feeding admitted to 2 geriatric convalescent hospitals between January 1, 2015, and June 30, 2019.
METHODS: Comparison on the effect of NGF and CHF on survival and pneumonia risk using Kaplan Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: Of the 764 patients (mean age 89 years, 61% female, 74% residential care home residents), 464 (61%) were initiated on NGF and 300 (39%) on CHF. The primary feeding problem types were dysphagia (50%), behavioral feeding problem (33%), or both (17%). There was no difference in 1-year survival rate between NGF and CHF groups (36% vs 37%, P = .71) and survival did not differ by feeding problem type. Nasogastric tube feeding was not a significant predictor for survival (adjusted hazard ratio 1.15, 95% CI 0.94-1.39). Among 577 (76%) patients who survived to discharge, pneumonia rates were lower in the CHF group (48% vs 60%, P = .004). After adjusting for cofounders, NGF was a significant risk factor for pneumonia (adjusted hazard ratio 1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.85). In subgroup analyses, NGF was associated with increased pneumonia risk for patients with both dysphagia and behavioral feeding problem (P = .01) but not in patients with behavioral feeding problem alone (P = .24) or dysphagia alone (P = .30). CONCLUSIONS AND
IMPLICATIONS: For advanced dementia patients with feeding problems, there is no difference in survival between NGF and CHF. However, NGF is associated with a higher pneumonia risk, particularly for patients with both dysphagia and behavioral feeding problem. Further research on how the feeding problem type impacts pneumonia risk for patients on NGF is needed.